Catalysis and Chemical Engineering Global Conference

Catalysis is at the forefront of CCU technology, with new methods of capturing carbon dioxide (CO₂) being developed and utilised productively. Catalysis enables CO₂ to be transformed into fuels, chemicals, and materials; thus, instead of a greenhouse gas, CO₂ holds potential. This session focuses on catalysis for CCU and advanced catalytic techniques that support carbon reduction and advance progress in green chemistry.

The two major steps in carbon capture and utilization involve capturing CO₂ from emissions and converting it into valuable products. Catalysts play a significant role in both processes, amplifying efficiency and selectivity. In carbon capture, for example, solid sorbents like metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and zeolites act as catalysts by selectively adsorbing CO₂ from gas streams, allowing for efficient capture and separation. These materials can be optimized for higher capture capacities, recyclability, and energy efficiency, making them suitable for large-scale applications in power plants and industrial facilities.

Once CO₂ is captured, catalytic processes can convert it into a variety of products. A promising application is methanol production through CO₂ hydrogenation, where CO₂ is transformed into a valuable fuel and chemical feedstock. Catalysts made of copper-zinc or metal oxides are used in this process, enabling the reaction at lower temperatures and pressures, which reduces energy costs. Refined methanol, serving as a feedstock for fuels, plastics, and other products, presents a viable alternative to petroleum-based resources.

Electrocatalysis offers another method for utilizing CO₂, using renewable electricity to supply electrons for CO₂ reduction into products like carbon monoxide, formic acid, and hydrocarbons. Electrocatalysts, often made of metals like gold, silver, and copper, drive these reactions with high selectivity and efficiency. The products can then be incorporated into fuels and chemicals, supporting a circular carbon economy. Integrating CCU with renewable energy sources enhances the sustainability of the process and reduces dependence on fossil fuels.